We plan to build 3 acid tanks with one fresh acid (i.e > 95% conc. acid), spent acid, and one more to use interchangeably based on requirement. I am looking for a standard which specifies the spacing and diking requirements for acid tank farms. Can someone refer me to a standard/reference please?

In general, tanks should be located in a dyked area. The volume of the dyke should be capable of holding 110% of the volume of the largest tank in the dyked area. The assumption is that only one tank will leak. The dyke should be equipped with a liner to prevent acid from seeping into and contaminating the ground. A ballast should be put on top of the liner to hold it down and to protect it.

Other consideration:

Pumps should be located outside of the dyked area if possible. This will allow them to be operated if access into the dyke is not possible. If they are located inside the dyke they should be elevated so that they do not become submerged.

The area should be equipped with a sump.

It would be nice to be able to access the tanks without having to walk in the dyked area. If the area is filled with acid there may be a need to get to the tank, valves, instruments, etc.

The distance from the side of the tank to the top of the dyke should be far enough that if a leak occurs in the side of the tank, the acid cannot spray out of the dyked area. There is a calculation to determine how far a liquid will spray.

Is vehicle access required into the dyked area? If so, a ramp will need to be provided.

Penetrations through the dyke wall need to be done properly so that acid will not leak through.

Consider a protective coating for the concrete foundations that are inside the dyke.


These are general guidelines and good engineering practice. I don't know that there are any standards or regulations that dictate the requirements. This may depend on your location.

Douglas